Horror and Self-punishment in Sophocles Oedipus Rex Essay -- Oedipus

Repulsiveness and Self-discipline in Sophocles' Oedipus Rex An old plate depicting Oedipus tuning in to the question of the Sphinx. Oedipus Rex is a play whose characteristics of enigma and of unavoidable incongruity immediately come to muddle any basic conversation. It is a play of changes wherein things change before our eyes as we watch; where implications and suggestions appear to be half-witnessed underneath the outside of the content just to disappear as we attempt to take them in; and where amusing similarity and reflections proliferate to confound our reaction. The play urges us to make associations and to draw out suggestions that at long last we are compelled to reevaluate, to address and maybe relinquish. The play's importance through two resistances is characterized by its stage activity and its language, are equal and complimentary to one another. The play is, in a way that decides our reaction to its significance, a consecutive encounter. Our reaction is formed through the length of its exhibition. The opening of the play presents us with a social event, the old and the youthful, no ladies, no completely grown-up guys, so Oedipus is, on the double, amplified and detached. His quiet authority is overpowering and magnificent. Yet, on what does Oedipus' power rest? There is a significant vulnerability here. The initial scenes present us with a picture of Oedipus as a political figure, a human lord whose force gets from the network he manages, whose recognitions and whose sentiments are insoluble bound up with the experience of the men of Thebes, whose language he talks and where he has a place. We are cleared aside as a social occasion alarm consumes Oedipus' psyche at hearing notice of a spot he recollects, where he once murdered a man. On the off chance that that man was Laius, Oedipus s... ...e vain endeavors of humanity to get away from the underhanded that compromises them. There is an unquestionable sign in the content of Sophocles' disaster itself that the legend of Oedipus sprang from some primitive dream-material that had as its substance the troubling aggravation of a kid's connection to his folks inferable from the main mixing of sexuality. At a moment that Oedipus, however he isn't yet edified, has started to feel disturbed by his memories of the prophet, Jocasta reassures him by alluding to a fantasy, as she might suspect, it has no importance. It is unmistakably the way in to the disaster and the supplement to the fantasy of the visionary's dad being dead. The tale of Oedipus is the response of the creative mind to these ordinary dreams. What's more, similarly as the fantasies, when envisioned by grown-ups, are joined by sentiments of repugnance, so too the legend must incorporate loathsomeness and self-discipline.

Quaility management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Quaility the executives - Essay Example In this way, all out quality administration is a client driven procedure (Rawlins, 2008, p. 37). This paper looks to talk about the help accessible to associations trying to improve quality. All out quality administration is intended to concentrate on clients and non-clients. It is obligatory for the association to guarantee their significant choices are centered around the client. In addition, an association will undoubtedly do an examination on client discernment about its administration to know about its quality and shortcoming so as to impact proper upgrades. What's more, having a comprehension of non-clients will assist an association with having a knowledge on the modalities utilized by the contenders. Furthermore, an association ought to guarantee that it keeps up constant improvement. A decent association will have a help explore program that supervisors will consistently counsel when deciding. Administration quality data will help with distinguishing any significant deficit prone to happen and a quick move will be made (Oakland, 2003, p. 230-233). Besides, employee’s contribution is fundamental for appropriate all out quality administration accomplishment. Worker inquire about is much the same as client look into. Representative can be utilized to survey the nature of nay administration before it is discharged to the shopper as what happen inside to an association influences the administration offered to the client. Representatives are additionally mindful of the issues and difficulties that influence the nature of any help offered by a specific association. Also, guaranteeing collaboration between representatives will go about as a benchmark for quality assistance conveyance. Laborers will be spurred to serve at their level best and will have the option to acknowledge quality analysis. Group inclusion may likewise go about as a wellspring of inspiration to legitimate assistance conveyance. Also, open conversation in an association ought to be supported and worker

Essay Topics About South Korea

Essay Topics About South KoreaYou can choose to write a short essay about South Korea's unique culture and history or you can also choose to write a long essay about the different aspects of the country. In either case, you have to use essay topics about South Korea to help you develop your own personal topic that you can include in your paper. This is because these essays are the kind of topics that will attract more attention from those who read it.To know how to choose essay topics about South Korea, it is first important to know the type of country it is. It is a country where there are two different types of people: those who are highly dependent on technology and those who love the old-fashioned way of life. You should make sure that you take into account these differences and give a voice to the minority group. Of course, you can use essay topics about South Korea to show how the two groups interact with each other.Once you have chosen to write an essay about South Korea, you will be able to plan your topic according to what you are familiar with. For example, if you have been studying the country for a while, you will most likely want to choose a subject that you know about. Many students do not get this right and they end up writing an essay that has nothing to do with their own experience. If you want to know how to write a good essay on this topic, you need to be patient and know your subject well. Then, you can go over the information you have about the country and come up with a proper essay topic.Your essay must contain material about your life. Most students who have lived in Korea before will know that you need to put some of your experiences in your essay to make it more authentic. Another good idea is to include a personal story that tells a person's life in a way that makes it interesting. Remember that you are not just writing about Korea, but you are writing about your own life as well.Essay topics about South Korea are usually written abou t one theme per page, and they should flow well together. Make sure that the content of your essay does not become too difficult to read for the reader. Readers will not want to slog through essays when they can just skim through them quickly. Keep it short and keep the content simple.When you are working on essay topics about South Korea, try to focus on what you are most passionate about. People are more attracted to students who have interesting things to say. Students can also include their experiences in their essay, if they are able to explain them well.One of the things that you should always remember is to use common sense. Write the essay on a topic that you can easily remember and you can give a clear explanation about it. Remember that the important thing is to create a topic that will hold the interest of the reader. The main goal is to impress the reader so that they will want to read more.Essay topics about South Korea are much like any other essay. The only difference is that you will be using words that you know and are familiar with. Once you have learned the language, it is also possible to write essays in the language. This is a good way to start learning about the country without having to travel.

Katharsis In Medea, King Lear, And All My Sons - 882 Words

Poetics, by Aristotle, addresses each part of a tragedy and its significance, including katharsis. The main purpose of a tragedy is to provoke pity or fear in the reader or audience, then a kommos occurs, a song of lamentation, and the katharsis happens subsequently. The katharsis is a cleansing or purge from those feelings of pity or fear, as the character whom faces tragedy from their faulty, laments. Kommos creates katharsis through the death of children in the tragedies Medea, King Lear, and All My Sons. All three plays follow Poetics’ guidelines, regarding the inclusion of katharsis and the tragic event inspiring katharsis, to be among family members. However, each play approaches the aspect of katharsis differently, because of†¦show more content†¦Aristotle also expresses the fact that the tragic act that occurs is best to occur in a family to generate more impactful feelings of katharsis. Poetics’ outline of katharsis, kommos, and the impact of a tragic event occurring between family members are all aspects of tragedy that can be seen in Medea, King Lear, and All My Sons. In the tragedy Medea, Jason is faced with realization of the death of his twin sons who were killed by their, mother, Medea; he falls into agony as he laments, inspiring a katharsis in the reader. Jason cheated on Medea, assuming that it was okay with her, saying, â€Å"†¦I/ Grew tired of your bed and felt the need for a new bride† (18). Jason desired a bride of title so that his current children and future children could be brought up â€Å"worthily† (26). He betrayed his family and Medea’s love for another woman, causing Medea began to seek revenge. She decides to do two acts: kill her husband’s fiancà ©e and kill her own sons. â€Å"†¦I shall kill my own children. /My children, there is none who can give them safety,† Medea expresses, as she plots her plan (26). Jason is unaware of this act that his wife is ready to commit. No longer does he have a fiancà ©e, but now he has lost his heirs to the kingdom. The tragic act occurring among family members, happens in Medea, which was highlighted in Poetics. The death of Medea and Jason’s sons leads to Jason’s

Reflection On The Field Of Organizational Psychology

Reflection Before the start of this class I had little experience with research and little knowledge regarding the components of each research approach. Additionally, I had preconceived notions that qualitative research would be my approach of choice because I assumed it was an easier choice so to speak because it did not include numeric data. This course has definitely changed my mind on being open to the other approaches. I have learned that quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods approach all involve a lot of time and effort when it comes to planning, executing, and analyzing. Another thing I learned is that each approach is not interchangeable. Just because an individual is more comfortable with one approach over another, does not mean that approach is most suitable for the issue being researched. Even though I learned a lot from this Research Theory course, there are still opportunities for improvement in certain areas. The areas I would like to see improvement is: knowledge of theories in the field of organizational psychology, becoming more fluent in quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods approach, improvement in writing skills, planning and timing just to name a few. According to Banna, knowing theories by researchers who have paved the way in a specific field of study will be an important part of the research process(Laureate Education, Inc., 2009b). This is an area that will be beneficial to me moving forward in the research process because it givesShow MoreRelatedOrganisational Development And Organizational Development1604 Words   |  7 PagesOD practitioners. The OD article gives Discourse by different persp ectives based on two approaches diagnostic and dialogic organisational development. The Organisational Change article reflects the authors own research spanning 30 years in the field of organisational change. The change article is published in the Journal of Change Management. The author’s work demonstrates organisational change by discussing the six signposts of change. (A), Identification The five belief of change (B) ChangeRead MoreThe Recruitment Process from an Organizational and Applicant Perspective1588 Words   |  7 PagesApplying Organizational Psychology Joy Peoples PSYCH/570/Organizational Psychology June 11, 2012 Introduction The focus of this paper provides a brief examination of the recruiting process from both an organizational, and applicants perspective. This brief overview attempts to explain how organizations use various methods to recruit prospective employees. This paper also explains the methods prospective employees, or applicants use to determine the quality and appropriateness ofRead MoreInternship Reflection Paper : Psychological Associates1712 Words   |  7 PagesInternship Reflection Paper: Psychological Associates During the summer of 2015, I obtained an internship at Psychological Associates. I applied for the Organizational Development Intern position during winter break of 2014. After the assessment and interview process, I was given the opportunity to expand my knowledge in the field. Psychological Associates is located in the heart of Clayton, Missouri where I immediately fell in love with the culture and atmosphere of the company. No matter the organizationRead MoreEthics in Psychology: A Reflection975 Words   |  4 PagesEthics in psychology: Reflection Introduction The study of psychology frequently deals with intimate, personal issues of clients and research subjects, which is why strict guidelines exist regarding the ethical use of private data. Early on in a psychology students career, he or she is urged to abide by specific guidelines governing his or her behavior to ensure that he or she acts in an ethical manner. A student that has a lax attitude about cutting and pasting words from the web will later haveRead MoreLewin’s Three-Stage Model of Planned Change1134 Words   |  5 PagesOrganizations respond to these tensions by engaging in processes of strategic renewal through the implementation of â€Å"planned change† (Spector, 2010). Planned change, according to Cummings and Worley (2009), fundamentally concerns the process of changing organizational behaviors. More specifically, new behaviors must replace old ones or be adapted to or integrated with existing behaviors to enable successful change (Palmer, Dunford, Akin, 20 09; Schein, 1993, 2004). This paper outlines the three stages of Lewin’sRead MoreGraduation Speech On Academic Integrity859 Words   |  4 PagesCourse Reflections The graduate seminar course is a required course for all graduate students to take before they start their graduate program here at Baker College. There are many of different things this course helps students out with from getting them familiar with the online classroom too teaching the students the fundamentals of APA formatting. This course consists of three seminars all each lasting a week that goes over many important details that each graduate student are required to knowRead MoreWho Is A Leader?892 Words   |  4 Pagesfoster growth in self, others, and the field in which the leader is involved. The role of a leader can be extremely complex. Leaders must play many roles simultaneously to hold everyone accountable for their duties, responsibilities, and ensure the success of the program. Reflective inquiry like will cause a leader to grow in their craft. What am I doing that is effective? What am I doing that is ineffective? How can I improve my productivity? â€Å"Reflection can be integrated into the active processRead MoreImplementation Of Implementing Change And Developing Worldwide Rivalry1452 Words   |  6 Pagesfind major changes in short and long run success. Research suggests that failed organizational change initiatives range from one third to as high as 80% of attempted change efforts. (Fisher, 1994; Beer and Nohria, 2000; Higgs and Rowland, 2000). Many researchers effort failed the learning space and supervise the manager in the field of change management. Then came John kotter, who focused on the change management field, specifically his first article was p ublished in 1995 in Harvard Business ReviewRead Moreperformance apprisal research paper1283 Words   |  6 Pageschoosing alternative problem and by open discussion and fair treatment. Hence the researcher suggested that the police commission should applying fair and consistence of appraisal and motivational mechanisms could influence employees’ performance, organizational commitment and who are not satisfied with performance appraisal. 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Back ground of the study The Dire Dawa police commission recognizes its duties and responsibilities to all the administration public who are customersRead MoreWhat Makes Authentic Leadership?1203 Words   |  5 Pagesthe definitions is the notion that authentic individuals align their actions and behaviors with their core values and beliefs. Those who study the field have developed a continuum in which individuals can be thought of as either authentic or inauthentic. A Comparison Review Authentic leadership theory is rooted in the work of positive psychology and focuses on the leader’s strengths, as opposed to short comings (Livingston Lusin, 2009). The authentic leaders’ strong display of their â€Å"psychological

Manager as a Leader - 733 Words

MANAGER AS A LEADER Dena M White Walden University BUSI 1002-1 March 8, 2015 Craig Jelineks personality Craig Jelinek has been with Costco team since 1984, and he has done various jobs in those years. He is dedicated to Costco and what the company represents. He became the President of Costco in 2012. If something works don’t change it as in the $1.50 Costco hot dog deal. He worked with the previous President Jim Sinegal and learned about business management from him. Jelinek’s knows Costco culture and what has worked with its employees and customers. He helps his employees to grow and succeed. He is dedicated to better benefits and salaries for his employees, but also has the same commitment to the customers. Terminal†¦show more content†¦Costco’s culture is about its employees and customers. Costco wants their employees to enjoy coming to work, and that is from the warehouse floor staff to executive positions. Sinegal and Jelineks role creating and maintaining Costco’s organizational culture. Jim Sinegal and Craig Jelinek has played a big role in creating and maintaining Costco’s organizational culture. While competitors lost customers, Costco’s sales have grown 39 percent in 2009. For a company to be able to do, this must have a good leadership team that starts with the President. Jim Sinegal and Craig Jelinek, both believe that it is important to visit their various stores and visit with employees. They treat their employees well with the belief that if the work environment is a happy one, it will result in a profits for the company. The specific values that will be evident in the way that you will manage and why. Provide a great work environment and treat each other with respect and dignity. This is something that is crucial to me. Everyone wants to feel that their opinion is taken into consideration. Employees want to be respected. The way I manage will also be seen in my communication with my staff. I want to know about them and what are the barriers to their day. I want my staff to feel they can come to me on any issue that they feel is important. The reason I feel stronger about these things is that is wasn’t so long ago that I wasShow MoreRelatedCharacteristics Of A Leader And Manager899 Words   |  4 Pagesa tremendous leader and manager, he did not micromanage, he put players and peers first, and made you excited to come to work. This coach is very similar to Ben Morelli. The second coach I worked for micromanaged people, constantly barked out orders, and put himself in front of others. He was very similar to Phil Jones. All companies want that perfect mix between a goo d manager and leader. However, that is often hard to find. When it comes down to it, a manager who is a good leader will be more effectiveRead MoreEssay on Leaders and Managers1080 Words   |  5 PagesLeaders and Managers A former advertising campaign for a beer company established the slogan, Tastes great, less filling. The light beer was not only tasty, but it also didn’t fill you up, combining two good qualities into one product. Like the beer, you also need to demonstrate multiple abilities. To be successful in today’s industry, a combination of both leadership and management skills is required. Just like the beer that claimed to be both tasty and less filling, you need to be ableRead MoreCharacteristics of Managers and Leaders1568 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Characteristics of Managers and Leaders: The concepts of leadership and management are viewed differently by different people though managers and leaders are important in management. Some people view these terms as synonyms and use them interchangeably in sentences and phrases while others consider them to be extreme opposites. Actually, people who consider the terms as quite different argue that its nearly impossible to be a good leader and a good manager at the same time. Nonetheless, thereRead MoreCharacteristics of Managers and Leaders1362 Words   |  6 Pagesbusiness structure, and the make the organisation successful they need a combination of experienced and skilled people; Managers and Leaders are some of the key people to make an organization successful. Some managers are leaders and some leaders are managers but essentially the characteristics of a manager and leader are very different (Benson 2003). There are managers and leaders in every profession, they both need to build their experience and gain the knowled ge and skills to help them effectivelyRead MoreLeadership Of A Leader And A Manager1302 Words   |  6 Pagesthe educational leaders play the role of manager in early childhood setting and the managers perform the duties of educational leader. The following essay will discuss the role of the leaders, which is different from the managers in early childhood settings. There will be discussion on the different skills and dispositions required to perform the role of a leader and a manager. There are different models and theories, which influence the way of working of the leaders and managers. First, the essayRead MoreEssay on Managers and Leaders1423 Words   |  6 Pagesthrough people. Leader inquires and manager inform about the organization so without leadership an organization can’t gain the goals. Although an organization may have products and services but without leadership those are value less. Manager is a person who planning, organizing, controlling, and leading. Manage r is the monitor of the organization. Leadership is a powerful behavior of a manager. It is essential to achieve goals of the organization. Introduction Leaders and managers the lexis’s areRead MoreEssay on Leaders and Managers982 Words   |  4 PagesLeaders and Managers Leaders and managers are two individual roles with multiple intertwining definitions. In order to be a leader, one must have followers, however; does not everyone under management, follow the managers orders? Therefore, the question arises, are managers leaders? If so, what constitutes as leadership? 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L eadership on the other hand is the ability to inspire confidenceRead MoreNotes On Managers And Leaders1365 Words   |  6 Pages MANAGERS AND LEADERS Management Principle group Assignment Instructor:- Divya Judge Students:- Deepak chhetri(15002432) Irwan Wijaya(15005749) Erdenetsogt Gantulga (1500798) Sharanbir Kaur (201412996) Table of Content: INTRODUCTION TO MANAGERS AND LEADERS -Manager -Leadership DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MANAGER AND LEADER SIMILARITIES BETWEEN MANAGER AND LEADER LEADER( MAHATMA GANDHI) -Gandhi’sRead MoreLeadership As A Leader And A Manager850 Words   |  4 PagesThe leader innovates where a manager directs; a manager sustains what has already been created. Leadership is not what you do-it’s what others do in response to you, retaining control over people by aiding in the development their own abilities and bringing out their talents (Jaynes, 2015). Mangers have underlings while Leaders have followers; leaders do not have underlings. To lead is to have follower, following is a chosen pursuit. There can and are superior and terrible leaders, and there can

Importance of Data Mining In Business-Free-Samples for Students

Questions: 1.Briefly summarise why Data Mining is used in Business.2.Identify the Major Security, Privacy and Ethical Implications in Data Mining. 3.Evaluate how Significant these Implications are for the Business Sector. Include Examples. Answers: 1.The data mining includes the retail, finance, healthcare and the manufacturing which is considered important for using the tools and techniques. The business is based on discovering the patterns in order to make the business decisions for the sales trends, development of the smarter marketing campaigns and then predicting all the customer loyalty functions. The specific uses are based on: The market segmentation which is to identify about the customer characteristics and then work on the products of the company The fraud detection and customer churning will help in identifying the transactions. The direct marketing and the interactive standards are for the individual accessing of the website which is considered to be obtained at a higher response rate. The automated prediction of the trends and the behaviours helps in handling the processes where there is a targeted marketing standard for maximising the returns on the investments. There are predictive problems for the targeted marketing, which includes the use of the data on the promotional mails to identify about the targets with maximising the return on the investments. (Marinakos et al., 2016). The automation process with the unknown patterns are set to determine about the hidden patterns with the use of business rules that are for the competitive advantage. The increased revenues are from the credit card operations which are tested through the non-intuitive possibility. The business trends are based on the knowledge driven decisions with the check on how the retail companies adapt the data mining with the segments set for the regency, frequency and monetary groups. The customer works with the utilities which includes the terms that are used for the customer and for the collatio n of the billing information, handling the customer services interactions, visits to the website and the other metrics. Article/news item relating to data mining in business https://www.forbes.com/sites/julianmitchell/2017/01/25/this-data-mining-startup-gives-consumers-the-tools-to-own-their-digital-footprint/#4d9093b618db As per the analysis, the articles about how the business is able to work on the data mining with the specific sample pool. The data footprints help the users to collect and share the information directly with the companies with the evolvement of the complete control of the personalised data. The users can easily reclaim the control of the data with the empowering and setting of the price or the barrier to access. The technology is based on the fact how there is a possibility to ensure the privacy with the storage of the data locally on the device of the user, with the normalised and aggregated form of the data. The specific business operations are to handle the personal data backup. The data mining helps in the empowering of the consumers to set the digital footprint. The company Digi.me has been focusing on making the future for the individuals where there is a build-up of the scalable business for mobile, where the personalised data platforms are based on individual sharing values set in between both sides of transaction. The personalised data company is evolving with the individuals to become aware of the online privacy and setting the personal dataset online. 2.Security: The security is based on the processing with creating the sequence with the queries to extract information with the large amount of the data. The data mining techniques can easily be used for the recovering of the problems with the database security. The growth of development is based on the primary challenges with the consumers that will encounter the data analysis without any giving of the right to use the information for any specific forms of the records. The development of models can easily lead to the reduced security where the users might face certain issues as well. The data mining is based on extracting the information where the companies include certain forms of the security issues. (Huang et al., 2016). There are companies who need to monitor the access for the data and check with the parts of warehouse to handle the access. Privacy: The data mining standards set with the privacy and the legal issues are considered to be the growing conflicts where there are governmental and the corporate entities that would lead to setup of the information amount. The parts include the concern where the data is collected with stored data warehouse, where the access is based on information. The technologies are based on the extraction of data comes with finding different information and relationships for the customers and then extracting the data. This leads to the customers information collection about him/her. The technologies are available where the data mining could be for the extraction of the data from the data warehouse. This helps in finding the different information and the relationship for the customers with making connections that are based on the extraction. This would be able to put the customer information as well the privacy at risks. (Pereira et al., 2016). The data mining is mainly for the arrangements o f the data and then to cover the consumer information which includes the confidentiality and the privacy. The way is through the data aggregation where the data could easily be handled in the form of different sources. Ethical Concerns: The major use of the data mining includes the serious implications where the companies generally seem to face some ethical dilemma where there is a need to decide if the company should be aware of the personal information or not. (Ryoo, 2016). For this, there is a need to check on how hurt the competitive advantage is in the market place, with the check on deciding about the lack of the ethical concerns which leads to the loss of the consumers. The company make use of the data mining and then work on the awareness programs that are for the different applications. The consideration is about the wisdom. 3.Considering the company like Walmart, there have been approach set for the restricted extensive database where the storage is of the stocks, stores and the data that is collected. The companies have the products which are allowed under the database of Walmart, where there are companies to handle the mining with the information that related to the sales of the product. The restriction of the accessibility with the companies to work on the product offers is based on the accessibility where Walmart has been able to show the concern of the security and the privacy when it is for the data mining. (Shmueli Lichtendahl, 2017). Considering the privacy of IBM which works on the different methods of the mining. Here, there is a need to work on the individual factors where there is a creation of accurate models. The IBM works on the development of privacy preservation, where there is a randomisation of the information with the transfer of the data. The data mining includes the gathering of information and not impeding to the rights of privacy of the customer. There are different companies which works on the governmental analysis with the use of the data mining for the jobs. Hence, for this, there is a need to check on the quick transfer and processing that will make it easy for the employees to identify the theft risks. (Shmueli et al., 2016). The privacy concerns are important for the data mining with the risks evaluated through it. There are concerns about how the consumers could buy the product and not become conscious of the technology of data mining. The ethical concerns for the company includes the use of the data and then work on the discrimination of the people based on the racial and the sexual orientations. The data mining is considered to be illegal where the individuals need to be protected from any type of the unethical activity. This will include the decision-making process and know about how the information could be used. Through this, there are certain straightforward consequences which are for making use of the information and relating to the privacy and individuality. The wrong use of the data could easily be caused when the people fail to handle the unethical issues. (Tasioulas, 2016). It is considered to be illegal as there is a major focus on the value and the protection so that there is a possibility to work with the threats and the dangers to discuss about the different issues. The experts consider the data mining to be neutral with the data that is for the questions and concerns related to ethics. References Huang, D.W., Chen, J.L., Deng, P. and L, L., 2016, December. Big Data Mining and Intercultural Business Discourse Studies: A Case Study of Li Ning's Corporate Social Responsibility Reports. InIndustrial Informatics-Computing Technology, Intelligent Technology, Industrial Information Integration (ICIICII), 2016 International Conference on(pp. 119-122). IEEE. Marinakos, G. and Daskalaki, S., 2016. Viability prediction for retail business units using data mining techniques: a practical application in the Greek pharmaceutical sector.International Journal of Computational Economics and Econometrics,6(1), pp.1-12. Pereira, S., Torres, L., Portela, F., Santos, M.F., Machado, J. and Abelha, A., 2016. Predicting Triage Waiting Time in Maternity Emergency Care by Means of Data Mining. InNew Advances in Information Systems and Technologies(pp. 579-588). Springer, Cham. Roiger, R.J., 2017.Data mining: a tutorial-based primer. CRC Press. Ryoo, J. Big data security problems threaten consumers privacy (March 23, 2016) theconversation.com https://theconversation.com/big-data-security-problems-threaten-consumers-privacy-54798 Shmueli, G. and Lichtendahl Jr, K.C., 2017.Data Mining for Business Analytics: Concepts, Techniques, and Applications in R. John Wiley Sons. Shmueli, G., Patel, N.R. and Bruce, P.C., 2016.Data Mining for Business Analytics: Concepts, Techniques, and Applications with XLMiner. John Wiley Sons. Tasioulas J. Big Data, Human Rights and the Ethics of Scientific Research (December 1, 2016) abc.net.au https://www.abc.net.au/religion/articles/2016/11/30/4584324.ht

The new advancements in Cloning and the Ethical debate surrounding it

Introduction Cloning is the generation of cells, tissues, organs, organ systems or totally independent organisms from DNA. This article will discuss the latest developments, benefits and ethical and views as regards to cloning.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The new advancements in Cloning and the Ethical debate surrounding it specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Types of cloning There are three types of cloning. Molecular cloning involves use of DNA segments in areas of interest to produce specific products of DNA transcription and this has proven useful in recombinant DNA to produce many therapies like insulin, tissue plasminogen activator and erythropoietin. Cellular cloning involves use of somatic cells to produce a cell line identical to the original cell, and this can be used to produce therapies like those of molecular cloning. Blastomere separation is advanced in that reproductive cells are used to produce independent organisms (Anon, n.d.). Experiments done so far Many advances have been made in cloning so with more animals being cloned. The Rhesus monkey was cloned in 2000 January by embryo splitting and it was known as Tetra. In 2001, an endangered species was cloned called Gaur. Alpha and Beta are the cattle that were cloned in 2001 and 2005 respectively and they were males. The CopyCat was the female cat to be cloned in 2001. In 2004, Little Nicky was the first cat to be cloned for commercial purposes. The first dog to be cloned was Snuppy in 2005. A rat that was first cloned in 2003 and it was named Ralph. Idaho Gem is the name of the first mule to be cloned in 2003. In May 2003, the first horse was cloned named Prometea. The first water buffalo to be cloned was named Ssmrupa in 2009 February but it died after five days because it was infected. The same year, Injaz became the first camel to be cloned(Arnold, 2009). Views on cloning today Attempts to clone human cells fac e many ethical, religious and legal challenges today. Another major challenge is the difficulty in cloning human cells. Never the less, research is going on in various institutions to improve the methods and thus the outcome of cloning since it’s potentially useful in treatment of many medical conditions. The breakthroughs of cloning Treatment of leukemia Normal bone marrow precursors are cloned and placed in the bone marrow cavity of the leukemic patient.Advertising Looking for research paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Treatment of eye disorders Patients with cataracts can be potentially cured by cloning the lenses and replacing them with those with cataracts. Treatment in heart attack patients In patients with acute or chronic myocardial infarction, cells can be cloned and then be placed in the ischemic areas. New Vaccines Vaccines can be made by developing cancerous cells which can not repli cate and injecting them to subjects. This can potentially generate memory in the immunity so that on second exposure, these cells are destroyed by the immune system. Another way of using cloning in vaccination is by using DNA recombinant technology where microbial DNA is used to produces toxins, which are detoxified, while retaining their immunogenicity, and introducing them in a subject, who will eliminate the microbes on second exposure. Treatment of Parkinsonism This has been tried in mice where dopamine producing cells are cloned and then injected into mice with Parkinsonism. Behavioral symptoms of the disease improved in the mice because the missing dopamine was produced by these cells. There is hope that this is possible with humans (Randerson, 2008). Life saving strategies Cloning has been supported by many scientists because of these potential benefits. Other major areas of application in cloning are as follows. Organ transplantation Parts of an individual can be cloned to p roduce large tissues which can be transplanted to another part of the same individual. This has an advantage over transplantation from another individual which leads to graft rejection. Infertile individuals, cancer and plastic surgery Cloning processes involve switching on and off of cells, a principle which can be exploited in switching of cancerous cells. Through cloning, a vaccine of cancer may be made as previously noted. Infertile people can father by either using their reproductive cells or cloning their somatic cells and introducing them to a surrogate. Plastic surgery done using cloning has a great benefit as compared to other methods because features of the patient can be retained with no fear of graft rejection.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The new advancements in Cloning and the Ethical debate surrounding it specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Other applications Cloning can be used to test f or genetic diseases. Nerves can be grown to enable high quality medication. Cloning can be used to grow nerves which can be replaced in individuals with spinal cord injury. Liver failure and renal failure can be cured by cloning by replacing the diseased cells. Tay Sachs disease can be prevented by eliminating genes carrying the disorder. Breast implants and soft tissue replacement can be done using cloned tissues from the same individual to eliminate changes of host verses graft disease. Skin can be produced for use as skin flaps in patients with severe burns; lung tissue can be cloned as well. Diseases which seemed to have no cure like Alzheimer’s disease, Diabetes Mellitus, Heart failure arthritis and other degenerative diseases can be approached in this manner (Smith, 2002). Criticisms Reasons for opposition to cloning According to ethical and religious groups, the drawbacks on cloning are many. On average, there is only 1-10% viability of all offspring that were cloned f rom embryos. It has been shown that cloned animals have a higher risk of cancer, infections, mental and physical difficulties. The animals that have been cloned have been seen to die unexpectedly, unpredictably and for unknown reasons. Human cloning is specifically opposed because it is believed that a growing human also needs emotional and intellectual development, which can not be provided by cloning. Genetics Fact Sheet 1 indicates that a person is a product of his or her genetic make up and the environment such that a person cloned from another is not a duplicate. Social relations, responsibility and parenthood of the cloned human are difficult to achieve, which pose a challenge to cloning (BarlowSaleh, 2007). Ethical groups There was a worldwide condemnation of attempts to clone a human being in 2003 when Clonaid biotechnology group claimed to have cloned a baby who they named Eve. They were opposed mainly because of the reasons above. There are many policies which have been la id to regulate cloning especially in the utilization of the embryos (BarlowSaleh, 2007). Conclusion My personal view and opinion Cloning has various pros and cons, whereas it can be a life saving process, it may also have many deleterious effects on the human race. Biologists and doctors should not rush into cloning humans. There is need to carry more experiments with care and the results analyzed to perfect the science and eliminate the disadvantages of cloning and then educate the lay world on the benefits of cloning.Advertising Looking for research paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Recap Cloning is the generation of body tissues from DNA. This procedure has many potential applications in various sectors of health. In spite of that, it has been opposed by many ethical groups because of the risks involved and others because of myths and traditional beliefs. With care and effort, these properties can be exploited to develop vaccines, treat various diseases, help in surgery, and even stop the aging process. Research experiments should be furthered The only way to eliminate most of the risks associated with cloning is through furthering the experiments in different species and comparing the results. Biologists should come up with effective machines which do not affect the genetic composition in the embryo as this would reduce the disabilities and mutations seen in cloned animals. Through cloning, many vaccines can be developed which would not otherwise be available. More experiments should be done to develop more vaccines to various diseases. More experiments shoul d be done in order to find treatment of endocrine system diseases as has been seen in diabetes mellitus with insulin. Auto grafts do not induce immunogenicity in an individual. More experiments should be done to exploit this fact by cloning cells to form tissues or even organs from the same patient and then surgically introducing them to the area of defect. Cloning experiments should be furthered to discover other benefits of cloning which are not yet known. References Anon.(n.d.). The Science and Application of Cloning. Web. Arnold, P. (2009). What Animals have been Cloned. Web. Barlow, K. Saleh, M. (2007). Cloning and Stem Cells. Web. Randerson, J. (2008). Therapeutic cloning offers hope of treatment of Parkinson’s. Web. Smith, S. (2002). The Benefits of Human Cloning. Web. This research paper on The new advancements in Cloning and the Ethical debate surrounding it was written and submitted by user Alvaro Jacobs to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Interpersnal Perception

â€Å"Perception Paper† Day in and day out people tend to form an interpersonal perception of others. Whether it is consciously or unconsciously every body is guilty of this. Interpersonal perception is the process by which you decide what people are like and give meaning to their actions. An example would be making judgments about personality and drawing inferences from what you observed. There are three stages to interpersonal perception: selecting, organizing, and interpreting what we observe. The first stage, selecting, is when a person directs their attention to a specific characteristic of another person, whether it be smelling them, looking at them, touching them, or hearing them you select just one characteristic. Directing your attention to specific stimuli and consequently ignoring others is called selective perception. The second stage, organizing, is when after we selects certain stimuli, we organize them into convenient, understandable, and efficient patterns that let us make sense of what we have observed. The way people organize information usually depends on the way they punctuate it. Punctuation is the process of making sense out of stimuli by grouping, dividing, organizing, separating, and categorizing information when communicating with others. In addition to punctuating, one also superimposes, or places a familiar structure on information one selects. Another process within the organizing stage of interpersonal perception is closure, this is when one fills in missing information. The third stage of interpersonal perception is interpreting. Interpreting is when one attaches meaning to all that they observe. The group which I decided to form an interpersonal perception on was gang members. The reason for me choosing this group is because many people stereotype gang members and always assume the worst when they see someone who resembles a gang member. I wanted to try and prove that stereotype ... Free Essays on Interpersnal Perception Free Essays on Interpersnal Perception â€Å"Perception Paper† Day in and day out people tend to form an interpersonal perception of others. Whether it is consciously or unconsciously every body is guilty of this. Interpersonal perception is the process by which you decide what people are like and give meaning to their actions. An example would be making judgments about personality and drawing inferences from what you observed. There are three stages to interpersonal perception: selecting, organizing, and interpreting what we observe. The first stage, selecting, is when a person directs their attention to a specific characteristic of another person, whether it be smelling them, looking at them, touching them, or hearing them you select just one characteristic. Directing your attention to specific stimuli and consequently ignoring others is called selective perception. The second stage, organizing, is when after we selects certain stimuli, we organize them into convenient, understandable, and efficient patterns that let us make sense of what we have observed. The way people organize information usually depends on the way they punctuate it. Punctuation is the process of making sense out of stimuli by grouping, dividing, organizing, separating, and categorizing information when communicating with others. In addition to punctuating, one also superimposes, or places a familiar structure on information one selects. Another process within the organizing stage of interpersonal perception is closure, this is when one fills in missing information. The third stage of interpersonal perception is interpreting. Interpreting is when one attaches meaning to all that they observe. The group which I decided to form an interpersonal perception on was gang members. The reason for me choosing this group is because many people stereotype gang members and always assume the worst when they see someone who resembles a gang member. I wanted to try and prove that stereotype ...

Harlem Renaissance pt1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Harlem Renaissance pt1 - Essay Example ugh many African American writers shared this ideology, which many considered militant in nature, some did not for more reasons they believed would stifle their creativity. Some Black writers during the Harlem Renaissance were not fully on board with the crusaders. Black poet, Stanley Braithwaite, encouraged interracial marriage as a means to solve the race problem, but Cyril Briggs, editor of a Black publication promoting militancy and racial difference − the Crusader – vehemently lashed out against such an idea as being ignorant and backwards. Another Black writer, Langston Hughes, wrote many works that appealed to both educated Black and white Americans, as he did not harbor animosity toward Caucasians. Hughes expressed in an essay that â€Å"black artists intended to express themselves freely, no matter what the black or white public thought. Both authors reasoned that a racial motivation of opposition in the renaissance would work to suffocate their creative expression – not augment it. With all of the well intentioned underpinnings of the Harlem Renaissance, not all African Americans were of one mind regarding artistic expression, as some Black writers of the time felt that following the New Negro Movement Crusaders’ ideology of militancy, pride, and racial difference would ultimately work to crush their expressive talents. Black writers such as Hughes believed that the major motivation and goal of the Harlem Renaissance was to break racial ignorance, let Black artistic expression thrive, and work as an agent to bring success and liberty to African Americans. So, even though Black writers such as Braithwaite and Hughes were not card-toting members of the New Negro Movement Crusaders, they were fully behind the movement forwarding the advancement and open creativity of African Americans during the Harlem

Adam Smith Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Adam Smith - Essay Example While many elements of Adam Smith’s theory of capitalism persist today, his view of pure capitalism has proved impossible in modern markets. There are a variety of reasons why Smith’s theory of the invisible hand does not go far enough. One of the major reasons Smith’s theory fails is because of the possibility of monopoly structures. In these situations, organizations are able to gain significant power that allows them to shape market elements in their favor, effectively eliminating the process of supply and demand, and making the emergence of competitors an impossibility. In these situations, it became the responsibility of the government to institute regulatory mechanisms, as not doing so would result in potential recessions or economic complications. Other elements are the nature of ethical considerations. With the advent of the Industrial Revolution organizations increasingly presented longer workweeks and poor working conditions. While it’s possible the invisible hand would ultimately regulate these situations, there remain significant human rights concerns in permitting such a pure capitalistic structure. In conclusion, this essay has examined Adam Smith’s theory of capitalism and demonstrated why it is impossible in the modern world. In this context of understanding, the essay demonstrates that Smith proposed an invisible hand that regulates the market. Still, it’s clear this is impossible in the modern world because of the potential of corporate monopolies and widespread human rights concerns.

Discrimination And Empowerment Mental Health Social Work Essay

Discrimination And Empowerment Mental Health Social Work Essay This essay will firstly define what discrimination is and what it means to discriminate. Examples will be used to demonstrate what discrimination may look like. A definition of empowerment will also be used. The essay will then critically explore theory and ideas around power and how power manifests between groups. This part of the essay will touch on the idea of othering. The essay will move on to focus on mental health, race and racism. The essay will use the idea that mental illness is a social construct and look at how mental illness can be open to influences of racism from society (Bailey 2004). The essay will make links to institutional racism in mental health and psychiatry. In a basic sense to discriminate means to: differentiate or to recognise a distinction (Oxford Dictionaries 2012). In this basic sense it is a part of daily life to discriminate. For example, a baby will often discriminate between a stranger and their caregiver. Discrimination becomes a problem when the difference or recognised distinction is used for the basis of unfair treatment or exclusion (Thompson 2012). Anti-discriminatory practice in social work concerns itself with discrimination that has negative outcomes; whether this is negative discrimination or positive discrimination. Both are equally as damaging. Thompson (1998) defines discrimination as a process where individuals are divided into particular social groups with an uneven distribution of power, resources, opportunities and even rights. Discrimination is not always intentional (Thompson 2009) and there are various types of discrimination (EHRC 2012). Discrimination can be direct, indirect, based on perception or on association (EHRC 2012). The Equality Act 2010 is legislation that protects individuals and groups against discrimination. The Equality Act 2010 brought together several pieces of legislation to protect several protected characteristics: age, disability, gender reassignment, marriage and civil partnership, race, religion or belief, sex and sexual orientation. Discrimination does not just occur on a personal level, according to Thompson (2012), discrimination occurs on three levels; personal, cultural and structure. This will be explored more later on. Empowerment is a term that often comes in to play when examining discrimination; therefore it is important to have an understanding of both. Empowerment is the capacity of individuals or groups to take control of their circumstance and use their power to help themselves and others to maximise the quality of their lives (Adams 2008: xvi). Empowerment is then not an absence of discrimination and power but an individuals capacity to own or share that power and take control. Therefore empowerment is an anti-oppressive practice not an anti-discriminatory one. They are linked but not the same. Social workers act as mediators between service users and the state. Social workers are in a role that can potentially empower or oppress (Thompson 1997). For this reason Thompson (1997: 11) argues that good practice must be anti-discriminatory practice, no matter how high the standards of practice are in other respects (Thompson 2012). Thompson (1997) reminds the reader many times throughout his book that If youre not part of the solution you are part of the problem. I choose to include this because it reinforces that social workers need to challenge discrimination and take action against it. Discrimination is political, sociological and psychological (Thompson 2012). To accept and tolerate it and to not to challenge it does indeed make social workers part of the problem. Discrimination has links with power which the essay will move on to explain next. As defined by the Oxford Dictionary (2012) power is the ability or capacity to do something; the capacity or ability to act in a particular way to direct or influence the behaviour of others or the course of events; or physical strength or force exerted by someone. From this definition power could be seen as a coercive force or authoritarian. However, some theorists would argue that there is more to power than just coercion and authority. Parsons (1969 cited Rogers 2008) took a different view on power. He saw power as a way of maintaining social order instead of a force for individual gain (Rogers 2008). Parsons (1969 cited Rogers 2008) believed that to be able to enforce coercive action and justify it, there needs to be a collective interest from the social system as a whole (Rogers 2008). Lukes (1974) would disagree with Parsons definition on power. Lukes argues that power is less abstract (Rogers 2008) and that exercising power is the decision to exert control. Lukes (1974:74) illustrates this point as: A exercises power over B when A effects B in a manner contrary to Bs interests. Dominelli (2008) focuses more on the idea of competing power; which group has more power than the other. This splits people to either be in the dominant group or the minority. A dominant group tends to be deemed superior, and with superiority comes privilege (Dominelli 2008). As a result the other group is deemed inferior, the minority and disadvantaged. It is this compound of dominance and oppression that discrimination derives from (Rogers 2008). It is a groups perceived superiorly over another group (Thompson 2012) that justifies coercive action, control and discrimination. When people form oppressive relationships the tendency is to make a strategic decision that excludes a particular group or individuals from accessing power and resources (Dominelli 2002). Othering can be experienced as multiple; multiple oppression. People can be othered simultaneously due to a number of social divisions (Domenelli 2002), for example, being a black woman who experiences mental health issues. Social workers need to recognise power and its links to discrimination. Not to could further oppress (Thompson 2012). It can feel uncomfortable to be in the privileged position; whether this is as a white person or a man and so on. The privileged group need to engage in the fight for equality (Corneau and Stergiopoulos 2012). White people need to engage with the fight against racism and accept responsibility for racism as it is a problem of white society and therefore involves white people (Strawbridge cited Corneau and Stergiopoulos 2012). This explanation can be applied to any other groups that are considered to be the other. Rogers and Pilgrim (2006: 15) suggest that superiority is a social construction: a product of human activity. Dominelli (2002) goes further to say that oppression itself is a social construct as oppressive relations are not pre-determined but they are reproduced between social interactions and routines. Language is often used as a key part of social interaction and is also a very powerful tool. This relates heavily to social work as social workers are responsible for writing reports/care plans/assessments. Depending on how social workers word written pieces of work can indeed paint a very different picture of the service user they are working with. I was once told that words are the bullets of prejudice, this illustrates that labels and language can be powerful, damaging, potentially discriminatory and oppressive. Although labels can be damaging they are a part of social interaction. Labels help us to construct our social world and we use them to find similarities and differences to process the world around us (Moncrieffe and Eyben 2007). Although the process of labelling is fundamental to human behaviour and interaction (Moncrieffe and Eyben 2007:19) social workers need to be aware of when these labels have the potential to be damaging, oppressive and rein forcers of discrimination. Social workers need to reflect and consider what labels they give people and what impacts this may have. Labels can be used to change or sustain power relations which can have an impact on prejudice and on achieving equality (Moncrieffe and Eyben 2007). This essay will use the themes discussed so far to focus in on mental health as an area of practice and critically explore institutionalised racism within mental health practice and psychiatry. To begin I will briefly return to Thompsons (2012) PCS analysis in relation to mental health and race. The P level is our own individual attitudes and feelings (Thompson 2012). Although it is important to examine our own beliefs we do not live in a moral and political vacuum (Coppock and Dunn 2010: 8). For this reason Thompson (2012) also refers to the cultural (C) and structural (S). P is embedded in C and C and P in S which builds up interlocking layers of discrimination; personal, cultural and structural. The C level is where we learn our norms and values. Individuals learn these values and norms through the process of socialisation which occurs through social institutions such as the family, religion and the media (Haralambos and Holborn 2008). These institutions can produce ideas about what is considered normal or right (Coppock and Dunn 2010). From this it is not surprising that there is an attitude in society that people who experience mental health issues are violent and a danger to society; even though there is no relationship between mental health and violence (Rogers and Pilgrim 2006). However, the general media uses terms like psycho (Ward 2012) or crazed gunman (Perrie 2011) in relation to acts of violence creates prejudice. This prejudice can then be used to discriminate. For example, a community may not want a mental home to open near them as the mental people will cause a threat to their community. The S level is the level of institutional oppression and discrimination. Ideas that Thompson (2012: 34) refers to as being sewn in to the fabric of society. Western psychiatry is laden with cultural values and assumptions that are based on western culture (Coppock and Dunn 2010). This suggests that western and white is normality and anything that deviates from this is abnormal (Corneau and Stergiopoulos 2012), or as previously discussed; other. It is the C and S level which the essay will focus on more. Institutional racism explains how institutional structures, systems and the process embedded in society and structures that promote racial inequality (Jones 1997). It is considered to be the collective failure of an organisation to provide an appropriate and professional service to people because of their colour, culture or ethnic origin (MacPherson 1999). Jones (cited Marlow and Loveday 2000: 30) goes further than this definition to also include laws, customs, and practices which systematically reflect and produce racial inequalities. Institutional racism is believed to be a more subtle and covert type of racism (Bhui 2002) and often said to be unintentional (Griffith et al 2007). BME groups are differently represented in psychiatry (Sashidharan 2001). People of African-Caribbean heritage are over represented yet people of Asian heritage underrepresented in mental health settings (Sashidharan 2001). As BME groups deviate from the white norms they appear to receive either too much attention or too little (Sashidharan 2001). This would suggest that the systems which operate within psychiatry are institutionally racist. Both race and mental illness are social constructs (Thompson 1997; Bailey 2004). Thompson (1997) argues that despite the lack in biological evidence for the explanation of racial categories it is still a widely common way of thinking. Bailey (2004) argues that mental illness has always been a social construct therefore open to racism and other forms of discrimination. The declassification of homosexuality in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) illustrates Baileys (2004) point. Race immediately brings up issues around power and the relationship between what is seen as natural and social (Westwood 2002). Historically it was viewed that inequalities around race had a natural explanation (Westwood 2002). Race could be traced back to anthological tradition (Rogers 2006; Craig et al 2012) and colonial discourse with the belief that white identity is superior (Westwood 2002) and that black people are lacking civilisation, savages and a subhuman species (Bailey 2004: 408-409). According to Bailey (2004: 408) the effects of racism on psychiatry can be directly linked to the early stereotypes about black people arising from pseudoscientific racism. It is this pseudoscience racism (science which lacks scientific method or evidence) that underpins racism in mental health services today (Bailey 2004). Racism has many different sides and is a multidimensional form of oppression and discrimination (Corneau and Stergiopoulos 2012; Thompson 2012). Racism is widely known to be the cause of disparities in health and mental health (McKenzie in Bhui 2002; Griffith et al 2007; Craig et al 2012). BME individuals find themselves navigating their way through a system that works from the dominant discourse of the medical model (Corneau and Stergiopoulos 2012). This allows a small amount of room for different and alternative frameworks to challenge racism which is already ingrained in the system. To illustrate this point I will use an example from my practice. I work with a black woman who experiences mental health issues. She has spiritual beliefs and usually openly takes about her beliefs at home. She fears one resident as he is very religious and she feels that he has special powers. I supported her to an appointment with her psychiatrist as she had begun to feel mentally unwell. He did not enquire about any social, cultural or structural factors that may impact on her mental health. I tried to advocate the experiences she had shared with me and reiterated what she was saying. However, he advised her that the tugging she experienced in her stomach was physical and to see a doctor and increased her anti-psychotic medication. Her spiritual experiences were not validated, he individualised the cause of her illness and used a medical intervention. Western psychiatry tends to separate the mind from the body and spirit (Bailey 2004). According to Bailey (2004) many BME service users find this approach unhelpful and irrelevant to their experiences of mental distress. This is because for many BME the mind, body and spirit work in union and the feelings and behaviours behind this is woven into peoples wider existence (Bailey 2004). Kortmann (2010) believes that these types of clinical intervention are often ineffective due to service users non-western origin and tend to quit treatments earlier. For example, some African cultures can believe that seizures are cause by evil spirits (Kortmann 2010) and therefore do not take medication prescribed as they do not believe it to be an illness. Westwood (2002) writes that the negative impact of racism can have a significant impact on an individuals mental health. However in a recent piece of research Ayalon and Gum (2011) concluded that black older adults experienced the highest amount of discriminatory events but there was a weaker association with this and experiences of mental health issues. To account for this it was concluded that BME groups experienced more events of discrimination over their life course and as a result have become more resilient to it (Ayalon and Gum 2011). Some writers argue that to construct institutional racism as the explanation to the disparities in mental health can add to the debate and effectively alienate BME groups even further (Singh and Burns 2006). Singh and Burn (2006) state that, the accusation of racism within psychiatry will give service users the expectation that they will receive a poorer service and this will encourage service users to disengage with services or offer voluntary admission. What Singh and Burn (2006) are speculating is presented by Livingstone (2012) as self-stigma; the stigma that is present on an individual level rather than on a cultural or social. It is the stigma that is internalised that can prevent people from access services (Livingstone 2012) and thus, actively discriminating against ones self. Therefore, Singh and Burns (2006) argue that individuals to stay away from needed services until it is too late and there are few alternatives but to detain them and enforce treatment. Although Singh and Burn (2006) make a logical point they fail to recognise BME service user experiences of Mental Health Services. Bowl (2007) conducted a qualitative research to gain the views and experiences of South Asian service users as most literature is through the lens of academics and professionals. The experiences of this South Asian group would certainly suggest the presence of institutional racism within Mental health Services. The main areas identified were their dissatisfaction in not being understood in the assessment process due to language barriers and cultural incompetence (Bowl 2007). This misunderstanding led to misdiagnosis and refusal of services (Bowl 2007). Racism is often not the only form of oppression that people face. Disadvantage can occur from several areas (Marlow and Loveday 2000). BME groups experiencing mental health issues are already subjected to multiple oppression. There is not enough words in this essay to explore this further but wanted to acknowledge that forms of oppression are not experienced in isolation of each other. For example, links have been made between individuals lower socio-economic status and experience of mental health issues and how black people can face the added stress of earning less and experiencing higher levels of unemployment (Chakraborty and McKenzie 2002). This begins to illustrate the complexity and how oppression is inextricably intertwined. Institutional racism has been highlight in a number of Inquiries in practice. It was firstly highlighted in the Stephen Lawrence Report in 1999; a black young person who was murdered in a racist attack and yet again in the David Bennett Inquiry in 2003; a black man who died in 1998 after being restrained faced down by several nurses for nearly half an hour. Lord Laming (2003) also identified issues around racism in his Inquiry into the death of Victoria Climbie. There is not enough words to go into any of these inquiries in any detail but they have been included to demonstrate institutional racism in practice in the police, mental health service and social work. It may seem that whilst mental health services operate within the medical model that is catered towards the white majority things will not change. Institutions and systems are indeed difficult to change, however social workers can work with service users to empower, advocate, challenge and expose discrimination in services and bring about social change. Empowerment is complex in general but becomes more complex in relation to race and ethnicity (Thompson 2007). Social workers need to firstly be aware of institutional racism before they are able to challenge it (Thompson 2007). For social workers to challenge institutional racism they need to challenge policies that do not address the needs of BME groups. To do this, social workers need to be aware of the complex power relations and deeply ingrained racist patterns in society (Thompson 2007). In my practice in a mental health setting I have contact with medical professionals and often support services users to appointments. I find that I must hold onto my social work values and not get drawn into the medical model way of working but to remain holistic in my approach. To conclude, this essay has demonstrated that discrimination is far more complex than treating someone differently. It has focused on a more subtle, covert and indirect form of discrimination: institutional racism. The essay has examined the links between discrimination, racism and power and introduced the idea that mental illness and race are both social constructs. It is this subtle and covert form of discrimination that can be damaging. It can be hard to recognise as it is woven into the very fabric of society (Thompson 2012). However, the message in this essay is that social workers need to recognise power relations, how they operate, on what level they operate at and to challenge discrimination (anti-discriminatory practice) and work with service user to empower them to overcome these obstacles (anti-oppressive practice). Social workers must swim against the tide and not collude with these attitudes no matter how deeply ingrained and embedded they are in society. For the social workers that fail to do so will ultimately become part of the problem. Word count: 3281

Othello: Discrimination Against Women Essay -- Othello essays

Othello: the Discrimination Against Women      Ã‚     Yes, even in Shakespeare’s tragic drama Othello there is considerable sexism.   Let us root out and analyze instances of obvious sexism in this play.    Even the noble general yielded to the sexist remarks and insinuations of his ancient, thus developing a reprehensible attitude toward his lovely and faithful wife. Angela Pitt in â€Å"Women in Shakespeare’s Tragedies† comments on the Moor’s sexist treatment of Desdemona:    Desdemona has, therefore, some quite serious faults as a wife, including a will of her own, which was evident even before she was married. This does not mean that she merits the terrible accusations flung at her by Othello, nor does she in any way deserve her death, but she is partly responsible for the tragic action of the play. Othello’s behavior and mounting jealousy are made more comprehensible if we remember what Elizabethan husbands might expect of their wives. (45)    In the opening scene, while Iago is expressing his hatred for the general Othello for his selection of Michael Cassio for the lieutenancy, he contrives a plan to partially avenge himself (â€Å"I follow him to serve my turn upon him†), with Roderigo’s assistance, by alerting Desdemona’s father, Brabantio, to the fact of his daughter’s elopement with Othello: â€Å"Call up her father, / Rouse him: make after him, poison his delight [. . .] .† Implied in this move is the fact of a father’s assumed control over the daughter’s choice of a marriage partner. Iago’s warning to the senator follows closely: â€Å"'Zounds, sir, you're robb'd; for shame, put on your gown; / Your heart is burst, you have lost half your soul.† This statement also implies that the father has authority over the daught... ...ilia’s stunning interrogation and conviction of her own husband as the evil mastermind behind the murder reverses the sexist image of women underlying the play. Her performance proves that women are guided by reason to the same extent, or even greater than, men; and that men are passion-driven moreso than are women. The tables are turned on sexism at the very climax of the drama!    WORKS CITED       Jorgensen, Paul A. William Shakespeare: The Tragedies. Boston: Twayne Publishers, 1985.    Pitt, Angela. â€Å"Women in Shakespeare’s Tragedies.† Readings on The Tragedies. Ed. Clarice Swisher. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1996. Reprint from Shakespeare’s Women. N.p.: n.p., 1981.    Shakespeare, William. Othello. In The Electric Shakespeare. Princeton University. 1996. http://www.eiu.edu/~multilit/studyabroad/othello/othello_all.html No line nos.

Misconception of Femininity and Females

Misconception of Femininity and Females Femininity is a universal word that we all naturally develop an understanding for. When this word comes up many characteristics run through people's heads. However, the type of person everyone refers to is always female. Feminine and female seem to go hand in hand in our society. Unfortunately, this is a stereotype put on women today. This is because femininity is referred to as someone who is dainty or sensitive, soft spoken or indifferent, and dependent of a stronger individual. Over the years women have proven that this word should no longer define them.As the decades progress women become stronger and more independent, which allows them to take over more controlling roles and become a dominating factor in the work force. From this, the definition of femininity should not be the one thing females are defined as. One of the main characteristics of femininity is daintiness and sensitivity. People imagine someone who is very fragile, or even we ak. They are always in need of assistance and are unable to do very physical activities. Also, they are very emotional and need to express what is on their mind.These characteristics were viewed as very common in women from the 50's who were basically trophy wives and were never taken very seriously. Their only goal was to be the perfect wife and keep the man happy. From these women daintiness and sensitivity become a huge factor when defining femininity in America. Over the years women's roles have changed dramatically. They are no longer just a pretty face who cannot do anything for themselves. Through difficult times women have had to stand up and support their families because the man was not in the picture.This was first seen during World War II when all the men had to go overseas, which left their wives the responsibility of getting a job and taking care of the family. Due to this, the work force boomed with new female workers, whom were even taking traditionally male jobs lik e automotive and factory. Also, women were taking jobs to increase military supplies. For instance, like building weapons and airplanes, which developed the famous fictional female worker called Rosie the Riveter. From this, the characteristics of women started developing into a stronger individual who no longer solely relied on their husband.Also, they became emotionally stronger and were no longer seen as weak, helpless individuals who needed to be coddled. From this, the idea of a woman started to shift away from the central definition of femininity. The second basic trait of femininity is being very soft spoken and indifferent. Someone with this quality is usually very shy and does not over step their boundaries. They do not speak up about their opinions on a topic and tend to rely on a more dominating figure to determine what they believe in. Also, they are very passive and try to avoid confrontation with others.This explanation is very stereotypical to how women were viewed be cause men would only talk about controversial topics between each other and the female was not expected to have her own opinions. They were not given the chance to speak up and from this, women remained quiet and allowed their husbands to speak for the both of them. These early years exemplify how women were viewed and ultimately shaped the definition of femininity. As the years went on and women started to become stronger their opinions soon followed after. They were able to become more comfortable with themselves and started to emerge from the shadows of their husbands.From this, they started to speak up and even fight for what they believed in. As more women started to take charge the development of women's rights movements formed and grew exponentially. Women started to become more confident in their voice and were no longer going to be soft spoken, or indifferent. One of the first women's rights organizations created in 1913 was called the National Women's Party, lead by Alice Paul. The main objective of this organization was to gain voting equality, and to do this Alice organized Picketing in front of the White House for months.Eventually, the women influenced Congress to pass the 19th Amendment in 1920. During this time women began to realize their full potential and appear more dominating to others, which hugely shaped the view of women today. Women were no longer viewed as these feminine beauties, but instead, a strong confident individual who has the power to express her views and fight for her beliefs. The last main characteristic of femininity is that the individual is dependent of another. This person relies on a stronger force to take care of them and is unable to fend for themselves.This is a very common characteristic of a stay at home mom, which was very popular in the 50's. Their only task was to maintain the house and take care of the children, while the husband financially supported them. From this, they completely relied on their husband f or survival because without his pay check there would be no income. This is a very stereotypical view point of a female, which is why femininity becomes tightly associated with the traits of a woman. Over the years more women have strived to no longer depend on a male figure and instead, have excelled in the workforce.From this, there has been a huge increase of females going to college and building their own careers. This is seen statistically over the years because in 1950 one in three women worked, 1998 three out of every five women worked, and now, women account for 47% of the work force. In society today the stay at home mom is very uncommon because women have developed an independence from men. Women's priorities have shifted from wanted to start a family as soon as possible to now wanting to become successful first. Also, the jobs women are going into have dominantly been male driven in the past.For example, the business and science fields have experienced a huge increase in women workers with 60% accountants, 46% biological scientists and 78% Laboratory Technicians. From this, the stereotypes of females being weak and dependent of a male are extremely wrong, which is why the traits of femininity should not solely define a woman. Although not all women may act like the career driven female explained in this essay there has been a dramatic trend line towards this. More women are adapting stronger characteristics and shying away from the basic definition of femininity.People may argue that being feminine is only a trait someone possesses, but in our society women are immediately stereotyped due to the association that being feminine is weak. A human being should not be judged based on one word, which applies to all kinds of things in our society. For instance, if someone is gay people have a habit of associating all these stereotypes on that individual. Every person is different and we should not place generalization on them based on one characteristic. A s women begin to change society needs to change with them because one trait is only one part of a person's whole personality.

School Uniform Essay - 774 Words

Uniforms should be essential to all schools around the world. Uniforms will provide a more organized school unit. Our public school systems are in a dispirited and discouraged state. Violence, poor attendance, disruptive behavior and disheartening attitudes stand in the way of a child’s education today. Certain changes are needed to return our educational standards to a worldwide competitive level. Our schools should once again become the safe havens and community centers for the education and the development of our students that they once were. Children need the self esteem, purpose, hope and security associated with growing up in a healthy learning environment. A school uniform program can help meet these needs and do students some†¦show more content†¦This program seems to have effectively decreased gang violence in the district. Uniforms also ease in the morning routine for students. It makes all students on time for school, because it reduces the amount of prepar ation and time that is required on getting ready for school in the morning, I out of all people very a personal experience on being late because they didn’t know what to wear. School uniforms also causes disheartening attitudes from student towards teachers and administrators. Research says â€Å"The effects on school uniforms on student behavior, discipline, connection to school is nascent to other surrounding schools and is becoming very popular. But students disagree over the subject, they want freedom to express themselves but parents love the idea.† (DeMitchell 2015 p.10) School uniforms allows parents to benefit as well. Saving money helps parents a lot and gives them deals they can afford. This alteration leads to modification in grades because it’s much easier to focus when everyone is dressed alike. â€Å"80.5% students wear uniforms so the saving of what you would have been spent on regular clothing would go to accessories, appeal, or even computer products at school.† (Grannis, Allen, Brown 2017). Also students shouldn’t feel like coming to school is a competition rather than to learn. Student attention needs to return to learning in the classroom, rather than how they look when they are in thatShow MoreRelated Uniforms in Schools Essay541 Words   |  3 PagesUniforms in Schools School uniforms in public schools are becoming increasingly popular across the nation. The public school system would benefit greatly if this policy were to be adopted. Opposition is always a factor when trying to make changes. Taking all things into consideration, the positive effects would be far greater than the negative effects. 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